Review: The Effectiveness of Using Vitamins in Pregnant Women as Prevention of Pre-eclampsia

Abstract

Nutrients needed by pregnant women are high. The variety of vitamins consumed early in pregnancy can affect the condition and growth and development of the baby and the health of pregnant women. The incidence of pre-eclampsia is one of the things that most often appears in pregnant women who are at risk for mothers and newborns. This study will look at vitamins that play an important role in preventing the occurrence of pre-eclampsia. The study used the PICO method in search and assessment of 13 articles obtained from the PubMed and Research Gate databases. Some of the vitamins needed by pregnant women include calcium, folic acid, iron, mecobalamin, zinc, vitamins A, E, and pyridoxine. All vitamins have a positive effect on pregnant women in supporting growth and also maintaining the health of pregnant women. Folic acid and calcium play an important role in maintaining blood pressure. This is related to the presence of homocysteine ​​and endothelial dysfunction that occurs in the first and second trimesters. Zinc itself has a role in maintaining mental health which usually occurs due to premenstrual syndrome and also pregnancy in the early trimester. This is because of blood pressure disorders due to mental health. However, there is nothing that shows a relationship with the incidence of pre-eclampsia. The most important vitamins for maintaining blood pressure during pregnancy are folic acid and calcium.
 Keywords: Vitamins, Pregnant, Pre-eclampsia, Preterm Birth, Effectiveness.