Review: Population establishment and genetic study of Java, Bali and Sumatra Salak crossing

Abstract

Indonesia has a high diversity of Salak. The cultivars that are widely cultivated are Salak Pondoh, Java, Bali, and Sumatra. These cultivars have a delicious taste and different superiorities. The crossing was needed to combine their superiorities and obtain superior varieties. Crosses result in 17 hybrids Salak populations with moderate to high diversities. Salak Sidimpuan (SDP, SDS, SDM) and the progenies derived from crossing Salak Sidimpuan as female parents have a larger plant and leaflets size but have relatively few leaves. Salak Bali, Salak Sidimpuan, and the progenies derive from crossing Salak Sidimpuan as the female parents have a flesh thickness of 1.0 cm. A crossing between Salak Pondoh (non-astringent) x Salak Java (astringent) and a crossing between Salak Sidimpuan (astringent) x Salak Sanjung (astringent) produced progenies whose fruit have an astringent taste. On the other hand, the crossing between Salak Sidimpuan x Mawar produce partially astringent fruit and some non-astringent. Selection of these progenies resulted in three superior varieties, namely Sari Intan 48, Sari Intan 541, and Sari Intan 295, and an ideal candidate variety, namely PH-MW (35-13), with the advantage of thick flesh, sweet and non-astringent taste, fruit weight > 65 g, and fragrance.