Abstract
One of the diseases that could affect diabetic patients is the diabetic foot problem. Unnoticed minor injuries and subsequent infection can lead to ischemic ulceration, and may end in a foot amputation. Preliminary studies have shown that there is a positive relationship between increased skin temperature and the pre–ulceration phase. Hence, we have carried out a review on wearables, medical devices, and sensors used specifically for collecting vital data. In particular, we are interested in the measure of the foot–temperature. Since there is a large amount of this type of medical wearables, we will focus on those used to measure temperature and developed in Spain.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the patient has high blood glucose, either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body’s cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both
Some results found the correlation between the values of vibration perception threshold and the mean foot temperature (MFT) [13]
Diabetic patients with neuropathy had higher mean values compared to non-neuropathic subjects. These authors stressed the importance of temperature monitoring to avoid or reduce foot ulcers in diabetic patients
Summary
Diabetes mellitus describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the patient has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate, or because the body’s cells do not respond properly to insulin, or both. 2014, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), or around 425 million people in 2017 [1] had diabetes worldwide This represents 8.3–8.5% of the adult population [2] (in 1980 was around 4.7%), with equal rates in both women and men [3]. Foot infection is the most common cause of non-traumatic amputation in people with diabetes. Some results found the correlation between the values of vibration perception threshold (i.e., diabetic neuropathy) and the mean foot temperature (MFT) [13]. Diabetic patients with neuropathy had higher mean values compared to non-neuropathic subjects These authors stressed the importance of temperature monitoring to avoid or reduce foot ulcers in diabetic patients. Prevention of diabetic foot may include optimizing metabolic control (regulating glucose levels); identification and screening of people at high risk for diabetic foot ulceration; and patient education in order to promote foot self-examination and foot care knowledge.
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