Abstract
Imidazole occupies a significant role in heterocyclic chemistry, with its derivatives drawing increasing interest recently due to their diverse chemistry and pharmacological properties. It is a nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring crucial in both biological processes and pharmaceutical applications. Consequently, imidazole compounds have captivated researchers for over a century, serving as a compelling source of investigation. These derivatives exhibit a wide array of biological activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, anti-tubercular, anti-diabetic activity, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory activity and anti-HIV effects. This review aims to chronicle the historical evolution of imidazole’s biological activities and the work reported on the synthesis of imidazole derivatives. A multitude of imidazole derivatives are available and the incorporation of the imidazole nucleus remains a pivotal strategy in synthetic drug discovery.
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