Review On Synthetic Vs Herbal Drugs, Its Various Extraction Methods And Animal Models Related To Depression

Abstract

Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder The focus of the current review article is on the most recent antidepressants drugs , their mechanisms of action, their pathophysiology, their side effects, and the methods for preventing drug-induced toxicity. There is also a description of phytochemicals that have been found to have antidepressant effects. Widely used synthetic drugs are, i. tricyclic antidepression ii. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors iii. monoamine oxidase inhibitors, iv. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRI) It has been reported that most antidepressants have negative health effects. An account of phytochemicals found to be acting as antidepressant is also included. Their beneficial effects to the human body have been attributed to the presence of active phytochemical ingredients with some efficiency for disease treatment as well as for beauty and health enhancement. Public awareness on the adverse effects of synthetic chemical products also increased the demand for herbal products. Highly efficient herbal processing and extraction technologies have been developed to obtain the optimal amounts of active ingredients from herbs Soxhlet extraction, supercritical fluid extraction cold Maceration Extraction, steam distillation, Hot Water Extraction, microwave assisted extraction. This review focuses on recent findings regarding some of the most widely employed animal models used currently to predict antidepressant potential. Here we, studies the assessment behavioral test by using various animal models force swimming test, tail suspension Test, rotarod test. In that for study of synthetic and herbal drugs in treatment of depression. Their advantageous effects on the human body have been related to the existence of active phytochemical components that are effective in treating certain diseases as well as enhancing attractiveness and health. The demand for herbal items increased as a result of growing public knowledge of the negative consequences of synthetic chemical products.