Review on Smart Grid Communication Technologies

Abstract

Smart grid (SG) has given a better vision for electricity infrastructure. The quality, quantity of power transmitted and the usage of available data from smart sensing, metering and communication has dramatically increased with the introduction of smart grid to power systems. SG also has empowered customer participation by managing their load pattern to take advantage of choosing their supply and pricing options. The heart of the SG lies on the communication between the consumers and the grid operators. Grids operators need the real time customer meter data to schedule their supply and pricing policies and the consumers need the same to manage their loads. The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) uses Aggregation Protocol with Error Detection (APED) to improve the security of data. The SG with SCADA is facilitated by data acquisitions which includes the meter reading, system conditions, etc. that are monitored and transmitted at regular intervals in real time. The security of data transfer is assured by the introduction of improvised Ciphertext Policy_ Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is used to achieve the security parameters like confidentiality, integrity, and availability in cloud computing. Block chain-based systems combine distributed register and cryptographic security measures. Introduction of block chain in SG has revolutionized the functioning of SG with smart contracts, and transaction of huge amount of data in a fully decentralized market platform.This paper reviews the modern technologies used in smart grid communication based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard to the SG and how it is modified to ensure effective, efficient and economical and secured communication of the huge real time data from the smart meters.