Abstract
This review paper was conducted with the aim of reviewing productive and reproductive performance of different chicken breeds in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, chicken production plays a role as a prime supplier of eggs and meat in rural and urban area and as a source of income. As indicated current review results, indigenous chicken breeds had low productive and reproductive performance than exotic breeds. The average age at first egg ranges 6-12 months for indigenous chicken. Their egg production potential ranges 30-60 eggs per year per hen with average egg weight of 38g under village management conditions; while under intensive system they produce 80-100 eggs per year per hen. Average hatchability of eggs was 80% for indigenous chickens. On the other hand, performance of exotic differs from indigenous chickens. Average age for first egg was 5 months for exotic chicken breeds under intensive management system in Ethiopia. Exotic breeds of chicken kept under intensive condition produce around 250 eggs /year/hen with average egg weight of 50-60g; while under village production system it may go down up to 150 with average weight of egg 44g. Average hatchability of eggs was around 70% for exotic chickens in Ethiopia. Generally, this review work recommended cross breeding should be used to combine these different performances of exotic and indigenous chickens so as to create crossbreed chickens having resistance to harsh environment of Ethiopia.
Highlights
Recent estimates put Ethiopian chicken population at about 57 million of which 78.85, 12.02, and 9.11% were reported to be indigenous, exotic, and crossbreeds, respectively CSA [1]
Indigenous chickens in the tropics are poor producer of egg in steady they adapt to the tropics, resistant to poor management and tolerate disease
The egg production potential of indigenous chicken reported ranges 30-60 eggs year–1 hen–1 with an average of 38g egg weight under village management conditions, while they produce around 80-100 eggs year–1 hen–1 with under intensive managements
Summary
Recent estimates put Ethiopian chicken population at about 57 million of which 78.85, 12.02, and 9.11% were reported to be indigenous, exotic, and crossbreeds, respectively CSA [1]. In Ethiopia, chicken production plays a great role as a prime supplier of eggs and meat in rural and urban area and as a source of income, especially to women; so role of poultry in Ethiopia has been becoming more important from time to time [5]. This great role of poultry made different attempts to take place to introduce different high performance exotic poultry breeds to small holder farming. The present study briefly reviewed productive and reproductive performance of different genetic group chickens to deliver synthesized information for beneficiaries
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