Abstract
The oil produced by the pyrolysis of biomass has potential for use as a substitute for fossil fuels. However, the oil needs to be upgraded since it contains high levels of oxygen, which causes low calorific value, corrosion problems, and instability. Generally, upgrading the pyrolysis oil involves the addition of a catalyst, solvent and large amount hydrogen, which can cost more than the oil itself. In this regard, the co-pyrolysis technique offers simplicity and effectiveness in order to produce a high-grade pyrolysis oil. Co-pyrolysis is a process which involves two or more materials as feedstock. The feedstocks were biomass and tire waste. The pyrolysis of scrap tires at a temperature of 500 o C produced an oil yield of 44.1 wt%. The increase in oil yield from co-pyrolysis processes of Pine wood and tire wastes was found to be 64.8 wt%. The HHV of tire waste pyrolysis liquid alone was 43.8MJ/kg while for the co-pyrolysis of tire waste and pinewoods was 46.8MJ/Kg. The results of many studies showed that the use of co-pyrolysis technique can improve the characteristics of pyrolysis oil, e.g., increase the oil yield, reduce the oxygen content, reduce the water content, and increase the calorific value of the oil. Keywords: Co-pyrolysis, Biomass, Tire-waste and Calorific-value
Highlights
From the studies performed by Alias et al (2018) and Cao et al (2017), it is indicated that the presence of waste tires in the pyrolysis of biomass significantly contributes to the increased oil yield
The results showed that co-pyrolysis with biomass waste produced more oil than pyrolysis of tires alone
Co-pyrolysis is a promising technique that can produce a high grade pyrolysis oil from biomass waste. This technique offers several advantages on its application: – Co-pyrolysis can be applied to existing plants of the pyrolysis of biomass. – Low cost associated with upgrading processes from pyrolysis to co-pyrolysis: if a plant is run for the pyrolysis of wood-based biomass, no money needs to be invested in a special plant for the use of waste tires
Summary
If pyrolysis of biomass and tire waste occurs independently or separately more energy is required and the cost for oil production will significantly increase. Biomass is the only source of renewable energy that can produce fuels in the form of solid, liquid and gas, through assistance of the pyrolysis process. Selection of feedstock: Some types of biomass have the potential for use in the co-pyrolysis process to improve the quality and quantity of pyrolysis oil.
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