Abstract
This paper reviews research works done on livestock and meat marketing opportunities and challenges in Ethiopia. Moreover, this paper has tried to assess secondary data collected from Ethiopian custom and revenue authority (ECRA) and central statistical agency (CSA) in order to analyze the export and to get a more insight on the livestock production system by smallholders. Live animal and meat export to Middle East and neighboring countries is increasing. The increasing number of live animal and meat exporter, geographic proximity to the Middle East countries, economic growth, government interest and support to the sub sector gives the country comparative advantages in livestock and livestock product trading. However, traditional production system, poor market infrastructure, lack of market information and extension service, trans-boundary disease outbreaks, long and complicated market chain, and illegal cross border trade are affecting the sub-sector performance to the economy and livelihood improvement. Keywords : Live animal, Meat, Marketing, Export, Production DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/77-02 Publication date: March 31 st 2021
Highlights
In Ethiopia, agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, contributing about 35% to GDP and 68% to employment, and 90% of export value (FDRE, 2016)
Cattle exports accounted for 61%, followed by camels which accounted for 22 %, and sheep which accounted for about 16% of the total value of live animal exports
Besides studies showed that the informal marketing of live animal with Somalia, Kenya, Sudan, and Djibouti, accounts for 80-90% of the county’s export of live animals (AGP-LMD, 2013), and the Ethiopian government losses about USD 300 million per annum from such illegal marketing
Summary
In Ethiopia, agriculture is the mainstay of the economy, contributing about 35% to GDP and 68% to employment, and 90% of export value (FDRE, 2016). Livestock is an integral part of agriculture, accounting for about 45% to the total value of agricultural production and supporting the livelihoods of a large share of the population (FAO, 2019). Ethiopia has the largest livestock population in Africa, the national herd comprises 61 million cattle, 33 million sheep, 39 million goat, 59 million chicken and 1.76 million camels (CSA, 2019). 2. Livestock herd characteristics According to the CSA estimate 63.1 % of the cattle herds consisted of 3 - 10 year old animals (Table 1). Cattle kept by the rural household for milk production, draught use, beef production, breeding and other purposes. The highest proportion of cattle over three years of age has been kept mainly for draught use, followed by breeding and milking (CSA, 2019).
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