REVIEW ON LEAKAGE DETECTION MODEL OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR NON-REVENUE WATER

Abstract

Efficient water distribution systems are essential for ensuring global access to clean water, yet the persistent challenge of Non-Revenue Water (NRW) poses a significant threat to the sustainability of water utilities. NRW, comprising losses from leaks, unauthorized consumption, and inaccurate metering, remains a critical concern with economic and environmental implications. The escalating global demand for water highlights the urgency of addressing Non-Revenue Water, with leakage being a substantial contributor to these losses. Leakage models are pivotal tools in understanding and quantifying the factors contributing to water losses. This review consolidates current knowledge on leakage models, offering insights into their applicability in reducing Non-Revenue Water. It aims to guide water engineers, policymakers, and researchers toward effective strategies for minimizing water losses, improving system efficiency, and promoting sustainable water management practices. This paper presents a comprehensive review of leakage models within water distribution systems, focusing on their role in mitigating Non-Revenue Water.