Abstract
Small ruminant is an important and integral part of livestock in Ethiopia. Especially, goats are attractive to people of Ethiopia because of the ability to resist challenges, easily adapt to different ecological regions, and need small land to rearing and small initial capital in which poor people can engaged in the production system. In spite of the presence of large number of goat population in Ethiopia, it fails to utilize expected productivity due to many factors. Among the factors, which limit the economic returns of goats, diseases stand frontline. Tuberculosis is one the diseases that affect goats' health and production in Ethiopia. Goat tuberculosis is a chronic disease, which is characterized by the development of granulomas, essentially in the respiratory tract and related lymph nodes, from which the mycobacteria are discharged and contaminate other susceptible animals. Goat tuberculosis has a public health implication in Ethiopia because of the farmers' habit of consuming raw goat milk and its products, and they do have consistent or day-to-day contact with their goats. The etiological agents also transmitted to humans through the aerogenous route from those animals with active cases in the herd. The infection has been reported from several parts of different areas of the country dependent on the abattoir inspections. Therefore, attention should be given towards the control of tuberculosis in livestock; public health education on zoonotic importance of the disease or awareness creation and the national tuberculosis control needs to consider the one health approach, and further epidemiological studies should be undertaken.
Highlights
Livestock is an important and integral component of agriculture, which is the pillar of the Ethiopian economy
Even though goat tuberculosis has long been reported, in different areas, there is no sufficient information on the epidemiology and public health importance in Ethiopia at the national level. erefore, the objectives of this review paper are to compile the available information on the epidemiology of goat tuberculosis, to indicate the zoonotic importance of goat tuberculosis, and to highlight prevention methods of goat tuberculosis as the basis for policy makers for effective control strategies
Tuberculosis is endemic in humans and animals in Ethiopia
Summary
Livestock is an important and integral component of agriculture, which is the pillar of the Ethiopian economy. Goat species has ability to adopt to different climatic conditions more promptly than other ruminant species, and they keep on being a significant source of income and sustenance to many poor and marginal farmers around the world [3]. Tuberculosis is a chronic disease which has a zoonotic importance and hampers the productivity of goat in many parts of Ethiopia and reported by some authors such as Deresa et al [8]. Even though goat tuberculosis has long been reported, in different areas, there is no sufficient information on the epidemiology and public health importance in Ethiopia at the national level. 2. Search Strategy is critical review is based on a search in PubMed and PMC (https://http://www.google.de/search) using the terms goat, tuberculosis, epidemiology, public health importance, and Ethiopia. Our own archives were used as a source of additional information
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