Abstract
For the past few years the feasibility of contactless power transfer (CPT) is being explored extensively as a future solution for charging electric vehicles (EVs). Studies report that the main obstacles in CPT are low power efficiency, misalignment tolerance, cost, range and charging time anxiety. This paper presents a review based on existing literature of the CPT systems for EV charging. Different cases of CPT technologies, their principle of operation and equivalent circuit based analysis is carried out. A discussion on compensation strategies and their effectiveness are reviewed and discussed. The design of coil systems for some city electric cars has been referenced in general. At the end recommendations and conclusions are made based on the study and analysis of the information available in literature.
Highlights
Electric Vehicles (EVs) are being looked to as the future of transportation, with the objectives of reducing the emissions caused by internal combustion engine (ICE)-based vehicles and the possibility of increased well-to-wheel efficiency [1,2,3]
In the case of hybrid EVs, apart from on-board DC-sources of energy such as batteries, lower sized ICEs are used for traction power and are used to charge the on-board energy sources when required, whereas in the case of pure EVs, the on-board batteries must to be charged by receiving energy from the grid through on-board or off-board chargers
All particular sources lack both capabilities at the same time, so mixed/hybrid energy sources such as combination of batteries and ultra-capacitors are being considered as one possible solution
Summary
Electric Vehicles (EVs) are being looked to as the future of transportation, with the objectives of reducing the emissions caused by internal combustion engine (ICE)-based vehicles and the possibility of increased well-to-wheel efficiency [1,2,3]. In spite of the above advantages of contactless charging, there are certain issues to be solved, like the design of magnetic couplers with better misalignment tolerance, high efficiency with maximum power transfer capability, low stress on the devices, reduction of control technique complexity and assurance of leakage flux within the safety regulation limits. Research articles in the past few years showed improvements in the limitations of CPT like increases in power transfer with high efficiency, increases in misalignment tolerance and reduction in charging time.
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