Abstract
Modern technologies have affected all fields of human activities. Traditionally nanotechnologies deal with material having a dimension in the range of one billionth of a meter or 100 Nano meter in size. It has been widely used in natural sciences and biomedical sciences in the fields like microbiology, medicine, electronic, chemical, and materials sciences. The application of nontechnology and Nano material in Civil Engineering is still under active research in the areas of Concrete Technology, Construction management, water purification systems, Properties of Concrete at early ages and use of modern polymers in producing High Performance Concrete (HPC). The use of Nano material to produce relatively sustainable concrete represents a promising area of research in Nano material. In this paper the State of the Art of application of Nanotechnologies to Civil Engineering and its future prospects with special reference to sustainability in construction.
Highlights
Civil Engineering is a diverse field of education and practice which incorporates interdisciplinary and trans-disciplinary domains.Some of the specific discipline of CivilEngineering include Structural Engineering, Water supply & Waste Treatment, TransportationEngineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Construction Management
Today Cement concrete is the most widely used material in construction, which is not sustainable in terms of emissions of Green House Gases (GHG), as on ton manufacturing of cement produces an equal amount of CO2, which is one of the major GHG
The use of Nano Silica improved the properties of concrete such as reactivity, strength development, refinement of pore structure and densification of interfacial transition zone
Summary
Engineering include Structural Engineering, Water supply & Waste Treatment, Transportation. Fly Ash (PFA), Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Silica fumes (SF), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) These materials are extensively used to rationalize the Building Environment for improvements and conservation (Elvin, 2007). The Nano material have been widely used in all discipline of Engineering mainly for improving the performance and productivity of structures and material. Extensive research on use of Nano material in modifying the properties of cement and concrete has been undertaken in last few years (Sanchez and Sobolev, 2010). The use of Nano material in Civil Engineering material in improving its properties both in fresh and hard forms are discussed, on the basis of current state of research and knowledge
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