Abstract
The different arrangements of electrodes used in geoelectrical resistivity surveys and measurements are referred to as electrode arrays. In this review, we have revisited most of the widely used electrode arrays as well as the uncommon ones, which are nonetheless, useful in certain situations. This review has provided detailed information about eleven (11) of the top notch electrode arrays employable in our regular resistivity surveys, making it clear that in practice, the arrays that are most commonly used for 2-D imaging surveys are the Wenner, Dipole-Dipole, Wenner-Schlumberger, Pole-Pole and the Pole-Dipole arrays. They have their strengths and weaknesses. They are typically described by their signal-to-noise ratio. Their depth of investigation, ability for lateral location of the target and their mapping abilities of horizontal layers or steeply dipping structures among other factors determine which array to adopt.
Highlights
The purpose of electrical surveys is to determine the subsurface resistivity distribution by making measurements on the ground surface
Sci. 1 (2019) 147–155 design consisting of two outer current injection electrodes and two inner potential electrodes spaced became known as the “Wenner array”’ [1, 2]
Vertical electrical sounding (VES) using the Schlumberger array provides better resolution, and take less time to deploy than the Wenner array [6]
Summary
The purpose of electrical surveys is to determine the subsurface resistivity distribution by making measurements on the ground surface. From these measurements, the true resistivity of the subsurface can be estimated. Electrical resistivity surveys have been used for many decades in hydrogeological, mining and geotechnical investigations. It has been used for environmental surveys. The resistivity measurements are normally made by injecting current into the ground through two current electrodes C1 and B or C2), and measuring the resulting voltage difference at two potential electrodes (M or P1 and N or P2). We will explore eleven (11) state-of-the-art electrode arrays that are employed for resistivity surveys, including the benefits, considerations, and applications of each array method
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