Review of the technologies and preparations required for Mars colonization

Abstract

Based on the recent increase in information gained from the growing number of space research missions, many researchers and scholars have begun to reconsider the interplanetary expansion program and have chosen Mars, a resource-rich planet, as a prime research target. The recommendation and implementation of this program need to take into account the needs for long-term space missions, including transportation, equipment, energy, carrying capacity, technology, and life-sustaining carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Through the research methods of literature review and theoretical analysis, this paper organizes and analyzes the factors and technological requirements that need to be considered for a long-term space mission, the Transplanetary Colonization Program project, as well as presenting the prerequisites for the colonization of Mars, using the current widely accepted program as a case study. As Mars possesses richer natural resources, the principles needed for transportation survival can be obtained through the exploitation of the resources of Mars itself. Therefore, as a transportation rocket, it can have the greatest flexibility in the design of carrying capacity. In addition, artificial intelligence, 3D printing technology, and nanotechnology are the main priority areas that need to be overcome, which can help in the construction part of the subsequent mission execution.