Review of the OSI Model and TCP/IP Protocol Suite on Modern Network Communication

Abstract

Layered approaches to networking are possible. Network architects categorize protocols in order to simplify their designs. Each layer has its own protocol for talking to the outside world. Every component of the network implements some of the nth layer. Messages are sent back and forth between these parts. Layer n protocol data units [n-PDU] are the official name for these transmissions. All the steps necessary for efficient conversation are covered and these steps are organized into layers for easy comprehension. Layered architecture describes this kind of planning for a communications system. The OSI model is a framework for developing and implementing network-based software applications. It also serves as a basis for the development of new networking protocol hardware, and architectures. This document compares and contrasts the OSI Reference Model seven layers with those of the TCP/IP Model four. There are distinct roles at each successive level. All Internet communication duties may be traced back to the TCP/IP reference model.