Abstract
The operational Integrated Pest Management program for the southern pine beetle (SPB), Dendroctonus frontalis, currently consists of five components: prevention, prediction, detection, evaluation, and direct control. Full implementation of the program is hampered by economic, regulatory, and management constraints, and devastating SPB outbreaks still occur periodically. Recommendations for improving implementation include gaining public acceptance of the program, devising new management strategies, developing area-wide suppression techniques, coordinating efforts among landowners and government agencies, and revising the environmental analysis process. Severe outbreaks will continue without the creation of less susceptible forest conditions and more stable timber markets, plus the development of improved prediction, detection, communication, and suppression practices.
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