Abstract
Citrus reticulata Blanco is a moderately-sized fruit tree widely used as herbal medicine worldwide. The nutritional composition, medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of C. reticulata were critically reviewed in the current study. The literature linked to C. reticulata properties was obtained from multiple internet sources including Elsevier, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, Pubmed, BMC, Science Direct, and Scopus. Ethnopharmacological research identified antioxidants such as vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, also a source of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, pectins, minerals and volatile organic compounds as components of C. reticulata. As a medicinal plant, C. reticulata is used for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastro-intestinal distension, cough with profuse phlegm, hiccup and vomiting. The crude extracts of C. reticulata fruits have depicted anti-inflammatory, anticholesterolemic, analgesic, antiasthmatic, antiscorbutic, antiseptic, antitussive, carminative, expectorant, stomachic. With more people becoming nutrition-conscious, there has been an increase in the demand for the use of citrus fruits and their by-products as traditional medicines for conventional healthcare in developing countries.
Highlights
Citrus reticulata Blanco is a large species belonging to the family Rutaceae, with various varieties and hybrids[1]
Information on nutritional composition, medicinal uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of C. reticulata was gathered from textbooks, theses and online research articles from databases such as Elsevier, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, SciFinder, PubMed, BMC, and Web of Science
The in vivo study revealed that mice pre-treated with C. reticulata peel extract were significantly (50%) protected from Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) compared to post-treated mice (33%) without any obvious toxic symptoms
Summary
Citrus reticulata Blanco is a large species belonging to the family Rutaceae, with various varieties and hybrids[1]. Some researchers have reported that mandarins, alongside other citrus species, evolved in a region including Vietnam, South China, India and Japan[8,9] They are widely cultivated around the world in the warm temperate and tropical areas[8,10,11,12]. Nutritional composition Mandarin is a rich source of vitamins C and A, proteins, dietary fibres and essential minerals such as calcium, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium. The fruit is a rich source of amino acids, sugars, organic acids, amino acids, pectins, minerals and volatile organic compounds[46,47,48,49,50,51] These constituents are essential for the proper functioning of the body by protecting it against chronic diseases and providing basic nutrition[52]. Carbohydrates, phytosterols, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanins, and tannins n-hexacosanoic acid, reticulataursenoside, citrusterylarachidate and citruslanosteroside
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