Abstract
AbstractThe layer of protection analysis (LOPA) is a well‐established and valuable tool to assess process risk in a plant. Due to the complexity of the method, the composition of the team evaluating a safety scenario bears the inherent risk of subjective judgment and may influence the outcome significantly. Factors influencing the results of the analysis are the experience and knowledge of team members, but also national regulations and standards. Thus, LOPA gives a good basis for process safety risks but needs to be accompanied by additional considerations. The aim of this paper is to share experiences of the practical application of LOPA in existing plants and review scenarios of Process Safety Incidents. The comparison of results between five Borealis ammonia plants located in France and Austria has revealed significant differences in approach and result.
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