Abstract
Erymid lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) are an important component of Mesozoic crustacean faunas in Europe, especially during the Jurassic. The 29 species reported from the Early and Middle Jurassic are the oldest found in Western Europe and North America, and constitute an important part of the evolutionary history of these lobsters. After the review presented here, 24 species are maintained within the genera Eryma Meyer, 1840 (7 species), Palaeastacus Bell, 1850 (5 species), Pustulina Quenstedt, 1858 (2 species) and Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928 (9 species). All these species, with the exception of Eryma ventrosum (Meyer, 1835), have a new description and the diagnoses of the genera Eryma, Palaeastacus and Stenodactylina are emended. Four species are transferred to another genus: Palaeastacus numismalis (Oppel, 1862) n. comb., Palaeastacus foersteri (Feldmann, 1979) n. comb. and Stenodactylina guisei (Wright, 1881) were previously assigned to Eryma, and Stenodactylina spinosa (Étallon, 1861) n. comb. was previously assigned to Palaeastacus. Our study shows that Stenodactylina was the most diversified genus in Early – Middle Jurassic, but the fossils of Eryma are more common. Furthermore, Eryma compressum (Eudes-Deslongchamps, 1842) is the emblematic species of Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925 during the end of Early Jurassic and Middle Jurassic in Western Europe (Toarcian – Bathonian). This species includes now Eryma bedeltum (Quenstedt, 1858) in its synonymy. The genus Pustulina is very rare and the specimens show some characteristics on their carapace recalling other erymid genera (an almost sinuous hepatic groove for example), that are absent in more recent species. Finally, we point out that only E. compressum, P. foersteri and Stenodactylina walkerae (Feldmann and Haggart, 2008) are reported outside Europe.
Highlights
Erymid lobsters are an important component of the decapod faunas during the Mesozoic
Considering the recent studies which tried to clarify the concepts of erymid genera and proposed new diagnoses (Hyžny et al, 2015; Devillez et al, 2016, 2017; Devillez and Charbonnier, 2017), the present contribution aims to give a new look on Early and Middle Jurassic erymid species, which benefit of new descriptions
The ornamentation of E. osciensis is only made of tubercles while that of E. amalthei, E. birdi, E. compressum, E. mandelslohi, E. ornatum, E. sinemurianum, and E. ventrosum includes depressions
Summary
Erymid lobsters are an important component of the decapod faunas during the Mesozoic. Com.), in Japan (Karasawa et al, 2008; Kato et al, 2010), in Australia (Woodward, 1877; Etheridge, 1914; Woods, 1957), and in Antarctica (Taylor, 1979; AguirreUrreta, 1989) Despite this worldwide distribution, the fossil record of erymid lobsters remains sparse and fragmentary and the representatives from the Jurassic were not revised since the study of Förster (1966), so the history of this group of lobsters is difficult to reconstruct. Twenty-nine species are reported in the Early and Middle Jurassic This is the oldest erymid fauna of the Mesozoic, so it is important to have a clear idea of the diversity of these lobsters during this period to improve our understanding of the evolutionary history of the group. Considering the recent studies which tried to clarify the concepts of erymid genera and proposed new diagnoses (Hyžny et al, 2015; Devillez et al, 2016, 2017; Devillez and Charbonnier, 2017), the present contribution aims to give a new look on Early and Middle Jurassic erymid species, which benefit of new descriptions
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