Abstract

The aim of this review is to identify which types of selected medicinal plants for phytochemical characteristics were analyzed and which one is not analyzed as Ethiopian levels. In this review, the most traditional medicinal plant species found and used in Ethiopia are chosen. The state of the phytochemical characteristics of selected medicinal plants was stated under the literature. The qualitative phytochemical characteristics, some of which are the most important phytochemicals such as Tannins, Alkaloids, Saponins, Cardiac Glycosides, Steroids, Terpenoids, Flavonoids, Phlobatannins, Anthraquinones, and Reducing Sugars are studied by researcher. Most studies reviled that some phytochemical properties present in some medicinal plants while some of phytochemical properties are absent in some medicinal plants as well as the phytochemical properties of some species were studied like Opuntia ficusindica (L.) Miller (Yebereha Kulkual), Eucalyptus globules Labill (Nech Bahir Zaf), Cordia Africana Lam. (Wanza), Foeniculum vulgare. (Ensilal). However, some most important phytochemical properties of medicinal plants like Barleria eranthemoides R. Br. Ex C. B. Cl. (Yesetaf), Premna schimperi Engl. (Chocho), Capparis tomentosa L. (Gumero), Tragia pungens (Forssk.) Mull. Arg. (Ablalit) and Cymbopogonsp. (Serdo), Tribulus terrestris L. (Kurinchit) are not studied in Ethiopia. This review has shown that traditional medicinal plants those phytochemical properties are not studied have various medicinal purpose like treating mastitis, preventing boils, Haemorrhoids, congestion, headache, hepatitis, liver, vertigo, stomatitis, kidneys, liver, and vision for treating anemia, hemorrhoid coughs, fluxes, and stomatitis in most animals and human beings. So that identifying the plants based on the investigation and analysis of phytochemical properties of such plant species are more important as Ethiopian levels.

Highlights

  • From the various plant species, medicinal plants have very vital in medication purpose, drug development and economical services

  • The data and information on the traditional medicinal plants in Ethiopia were collected from the preferred documents which are available in the online in different form such as books, published article and researcher reports

  • Different online sources such as Google Scholar and gray literature was the source of published articles by browsed the different words or terms like medicinal plants and Ethiopian traditional plants, articles that collected from the online sources were published from the January 2006 to the June 2020 on the traditional medicinal plants in the Ethiopia and some samples are collected from the December 2011 to the December 2014

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Summary

Introduction

From the various plant species, medicinal plants have very vital in medication purpose, drug development and economical services. Medicinal plants are used to treating and diagnose the disease and infection. Plants have been rich sources of effective and safe medicines [1]. The main phytochemical components, present in medicinal plants are Tannins, Alkaloids, Saponins, Cardiac Glycosides, Steroids, Terpenoids, Flavonoids, Phlobatannins, Anthraquinones, and Reducing Sugars. As proposed by WHO, the primary health care of most population of developing countries depend on the traditional medicines and mostly natural plant products [2]. Populations of Ethiopia use the traditional medicines in both rural and urban area (3). Traditional practice and activities have a long history in many areas in Ethiopia and it will continue to give useful and applicable tools for treating disease

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