REVIEW OF PHILOSOPHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS OF THE PHENOMENON OF PROPERTY

Abstract

The article provides an overview of the philosophical-psychological conceptions of the phenomenon of ownership. The formation of ideas about property and attitudes are affected by the socio-economic conditions of social development. One can highlight several key ideas that are characteristic for a certain stage of the development of society. The issue of property in Ancient Greece acquires the character of reasoning about the relationship between private and public interests, morals and property, as well as the role of the legislature in dealing with conflict situations, consideration of natural sources and prerequisites for the formation of the phenomenon of ownership, the relationship between natural and unnatural origins of relationship to the property. The philosophy of the Middle Ages examines the problem of the relation between the divine and the earthly, the place of property in the process of interaction "Man-God". Social utopias were characteristic of the Renaissance. A change in the political and socio-economic structure ofEuropeled to the understanding of social inequality. The tension created by inequality, could be released by viewing society and polity as a determinant of the development of negative personality traits (anger, theft, greed, etc.). Utopian "worlds" were the result of a desire to change the real power in society. However, property is not denied, but only goes into collective and personal use. Russian philosophy considers the phenomenon of property from the point of view of the “individual – God” interaction. Private property contributes to the activity of the individual, developing their knowledge and skills through work. Property is divine, and man disposes of it, not owns. Without its spiritual meaning property becomes a means of violating social stability. The main purpose of ownership is to serve the society. The state plays the role of a controller of personal selfish needs of a man.