Review of Non-Destructive Tests for Evaluation of Historic Masonry and Concrete Structures

Abstract

The paper discusses non-destructive tests (NDTs) useful for condition evaluation of old structures and historic monuments based on a review of available literature. The application of these tests for the evaluation of various structures constructed of stone or brick masonry or reinforced cement concrete has been discussed. The types of defects present in structures built of different material media vary greatly. Therefore, it has been recognized that not all NDT methods or all combinations of NDT methods can be used for all structures. Further, the type and degree of a structural defect is a function of the environment the structure is subjected to. Because of the great amount of research which has been recently conducted in this field, general parameters which could be identified by various NDT techniques for various building materials and the advantages and disadvantages of each technique need to be identified. The authors have been able to achieve this by means of a literature survey. The authors have also discussed a number of national and international standards (codes) established by technical societies as standard guidelines for application of NDT techniques. A few abnormalities in this regard have also been discussed.