Review of National Suicide Prevention Strategy and Other Suicide Prevention Initiatives in India

Abstract

India's launch of the National Suicide Prevention Strategy in 2022 underscores the gravity of suicides as a pressing public health issue. Globally, suicides rank as the fourth leading cause of death among individuals aged 15 to 29, with low and middle-income countries bearing the brunt. Within India, suicides increased by 7.2% from 2020 to 2021, with Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu reporting the highest numbers. Despite decades of initiatives, including the National Mental Health Program (NMHP) since 1982, challenges persist in policy implementation, skilled manpower, and political hurdles, impeding desired outcomes. While commendable, the recent National Suicide Prevention Strategy faces limitations in execution. A critical review of government efforts reveals gaps in resource allocation and execution, hindering the impact of mental health programs. Addressing these challenges demands enhanced policy implementation, mental health infrastructure, and resource allocation. Additionally, public awareness and destigmatization are crucial components. In conclusion, India's efforts in suicide prevention reflect progress, yet significant gaps remain. Sustained commitment and innovative strategies are needed to mitigate the escalating burden of suicides. This review underscores the urgency for comprehensive measures to combat rising suicide rates effectively.