Review of modelling approaches for flood risk assessment in Chinese coastal cities

Abstract

Floods are thought of to be the foremost frequent natural disaster, and the flood risk assessment is the evaluation of inundation and the damage suffered when subjected to floods of different frequencies, based on conditions such as the natural environment, flood characteristics and the socio-economic situation of the study area. Climate change, sea level rise, ground subsidence and rapid urbanization are expected to increase the risk of coastal urban flooding. Inundation scenarios based on hydrological and hydrodynamic models of future extreme storm floods are now becoming an effective method for studying future trends in flooding. This paper reviews several models for simulating floods and their advantages and disadvantages, focusing on coastal areas of China, to provide a basis for scientific understanding and effective adaptation to future flood risks. Flood hazard elimination is predicated on hydrological and hydraulic modelling, ground information assortment and remote sensing. This article analyses the capabilities and limitations of the current tools used for flood hazard assessment and simultaneously demonstrates that the scientific understanding and effective methods can be used to eliminate the risk of future floods.