Review of Marine Invasive Species Distribution Pattern in Indonesia

Abstract

Marine invasive species may replace native species, change habitats, and affect community structures and ecological processes. The impact of introduced species can seriously damage areas and high-value biodiversity in Indonesian waters. This study aims to determine Indonesia’s distribution pattern of marine invasive species based on literature review. The data were collected through literature studies from various publications. Mollusca is the highest invasive phylum found which is 27%, followed by Echinoderms 16% and Chlorophyta 13% from all of the total data collected. The distribution of marine invasive species is influenced by ships, canals, and aquaculture activities, and introduced species to a new habitat. The publication of articles on invasive species are dominated by western part of Indonesia data as much 46 from 85 tabulated data. The habitat of invasive species is dominated by coral reefs used by various biota as a self-defence area, spawning ground, and shelter from predatory threats. As many as 64% of invasive species have Not Evaluated (NE) status at the IUCN site.