Review of Latest Potential Treatment Modalities in SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

The ongoing Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause illnesses that vary from asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic conditions to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) or respiratory failure requiring ventilator support or sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. Timely treatment and appropriate management of COVID-19 diseased patients is crucial to curb the morbidity and mortality rates. Much of the research is focused on formulating preventive and therapeutic strategies based on the complex pathophysiology of this disease. New drugs targeting viral entry into host cells, inhibiting viral Proteases, viral RNA Polymerases (RdRp), transport channels, and the drugs with multicentric action, immunomodulators and adjuvants are being researched upon. Other management modalities like regenerative medicine and the use of convalescent plasma therapy have been explored. This review is aimed at the therapeutic aspects of the treatment and management modalities.