Abstract
The present review article provides an overview of the properties of various natural and synthetic fibers for the fabrication of pure natural composites and the combination of both natural/synthetic fibers-based hybrid composites, bio-based resins, various fabrication techniques, chemical and mechanical properties of fibers, the effect of chemical treatment and the influence of nanoparticles on the composite materials. Natural fibers are becoming more popular and attractive to researchers, with satisfactory results, due to their availability, ease of fabrication, cost-effectiveness, biodegradable nature and being environmentally friendly. Hybrid composites made up of two different natural fibers under the same matrix material are more popular than a combination of natural and synthetic fibers. Recent studies relevant to natural fiber hybrid composites have stated that, due to their biodegradability and the strength of individual fibers causing an impact on mechanical properties, flame retardancy and moisture absorption, natural fibers need an additional treatment like chemical treatment for the fibers to overcome those drawbacks and to enhance their better properties. The result of chemical treatment on composite material properties such as thermal, mechanical and moisture properties was studied. Researchers found that the positive influence on overall strength by placing the filler materials (nanoparticles) in the composite materials. Hybrid composites are one of the fields in polymer science that are attracting consideration for various lightweight applications in a wide range of industries such as automobile, construction, shipping, aviation, sports equipment, electronics, hardware and biomedical sectors.
Highlights
Many researchers have been showing an interest in the utilization of natural fibers for the preparation of hybrid composites because of its abundance, low density, recyclability and great strength [1,2], Natural fibers received a great deal of consideration as a potential elective alternative for synthetic fibers [3] as a support of different reinforcement for innovative applications due to their properties, for example, their availability in nature, low cost and they are environmentally friendly
Chemical treatment is one that gives additional strength to the composite material to develop a relationship between fiber and matrix material during the curing process
The authors drew a contrast between the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with and without the chemical treatment of natural hybrid composites and the results showed a slight variation in the mechanical properties [62]
Summary
Many researchers have been showing an interest in the utilization of natural fibers for the preparation of hybrid composites because of its abundance, low density, recyclability and great strength [1,2], Natural fibers received a great deal of consideration as a potential elective alternative for synthetic fibers [3] as a support of different reinforcement for innovative applications due to their properties, for example, their availability in nature, low cost and they are environmentally friendly. The main aim is to improve the composite properties by adding two or three different filler materials under the same matrix material. The fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) consist of a polymer matrix and high-quality fibers joined with an unmistakable crossing point among them In this shape, the two matrices and fibers hold their chemical and physical properties.
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