Abstract

Plasmonic photocatalytic reactions have been substantially developed. However, the mechanism underlying the enhancement of such reactions is confusing in relevant studies. The plasmonic enhancements of photocatalytic reactions are hard to identify by processing chemically or physically. This review discusses the noteworthy experimental setups or designs for reactors that process various energy transformation paths for enhancing plasmonic photocatalytic reactions. Specially designed experimental setups can help characterize near-field optical responses in inducing plasmons and transformation of light energy. Electrochemical measurements, dark-field imaging, spectral measurements, and matched coupling of wavevectors lead to further understanding of the mechanism underlying plasmonic enhancement. The discussions herein can provide valuable ideas for advanced future studies.

Highlights

  • Applications of photocatalytic reactions have developed extensively since Fujishima and Honda presented their work in the electrochemical photolysis of water in a semiconductor electrode in1972 [1]

  • Studies on plasmonic enhancement of photocatalytic reactions are increasing in the recent years

  • The mechanism underlying the plasmonic enhancement of photocatalytic reaction remains confusing

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Summary

Introduction

The red light introduced plasmons on the Au side and enhanced photocatalytic reactions. The visible light affects the free electrons in the metal nanoparticles, and hot charges generated in the photocatalyst under UV light illumination. This could occasionally engender ambiguity in the identification of plasmonic effects on photocatalytic reactions. This review presents a brief discussion of experimental designs providing plasmonic enhancements of photocatalytic reactions, particle reactors and measurements. Plasmonic enhancement must occur through the light-induced generation of plasmons, such as volume plasmons (VPs), surface plasmons (SPs), or localized surface plasmon (LSPs), to improve processing efficiency in photocatalytic reactions with various plasmonic energy transformation paths [19]. This review briefly identifies how various energy transformation paths enhanced the photocatalytic reaction in chemically plasmonic or physically plasmonic enhancement pathways

Energy Transformation Path of Plasmonic Photocatalytic Reactions
Types of Reactors for Photocatalytic Reactions
Measurements in Plasmonic Photocatalytic Reactions
Plasmonic Photocatalytic Electrochemical Measurements
Optical Measurements
Using Plasmonic Photocatalytic Reactions
Specially Fabricated Samples
Plasmonic Light-To-Heat Conversion
High-Efficiency Reactors
Models of Plasmonic Photocatalytic Reactions
Conclusions
Results
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