Abstract
In the field of wastewater treatment and water recycling, Concentrates of NF and RO membrane process are the huge issue, which severely hindered wide application of NF and RO system. Therefore, the proper treatments of concentrates are needed. The current work reviewed the disposal method of the concentrates from four aspects: 1) discharge, 2) waste minimization, 3) innocuous treatment, and 4) recycling. The prospects of disposal of concentrates were also analyzed. To some extent, concentrates from NF or RO membrane are the valuable resources. In the further, exploring suitable and highly effective technologies to utilize concentrate as resources is promising.
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