Abstract
Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a potent tool to perform three-dimensional imaging and tracking. We present a review of the state-of-the-art of DHM for three-dimensional profiling and tracking with emphasis on DHM techniques, reconstruction criteria for three-dimensional profiling and tracking, and their applications in various branches of science, including biomedical microscopy, particle imaging velocimetry, micrometrology, and holographic tomography, to name but a few. First, several representative DHM configurations are summarized and brief descriptions of DHM processes are given. Then we describe and compare the reconstruction criteria to obtain three-dimensional profiles and four-dimensional trajectories of objects. Details of the simulated and experimental evidences of DHM techniques and related reconstruction algorithms on particles, biological cells, fibers, etc., with different shapes, sizes, and conditions are also provided. The review concludes with a summary of techniques and applications of three-dimensional imaging and four-dimensional tracking by DHM.
Highlights
Nowadays, three-dimensional (3-D) profiling and tracking microscale objects have been receiving much attention due to their wide applications
Quantitative analyses of cancer cell locomotion and shape change in a 3-D environment reveal the biological characteristics for clinical need.15–20 3-D imaging of randomly oriented microfibers and their interactions with surrounding free-swimming cells opens up new perspectives in cases where quantitative measurement of characteristics is of great interest.[21]
In-line Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is a type of microscopy without objective lenses, and as illustrated in Fig. 1, a single light beam directed onto a pinhole of a diameter of the order of a wavelength illuminates the object, typically several thousand wavelengths away from the pinhole, and the object beam is the part of the incident light that is scattered by the object and the unscattered remainder is taken as the reference beam
Summary
Three-dimensional (3-D) profiling and tracking microscale objects have been receiving much attention due to their wide applications. Many microorganisms swim in 3-D and helical paths Measuring their 3-D trajectories in time is essential to obtain detailed information on biophysical processes, such as motile behavior and dynamic performance.[12–14]. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is an emerging technology of a new paradigm in general imaging and biomedical applications.[44,45]. Yu et al.: Review of digital holographic microscopy for three-dimensional profiling and tracking. This review has an emphasis on applications of DHM in the field of 3-D profiling and tracking and, omits some major areas, such as digital holography principle and development, theoretical studies of digital holography, special digital holography techniques, etc
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