Abstract
The development of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) has a major impact on improving air quality and reducing other fossil-fuel-related problems. DC-DC boost converters with wide input voltage ranges and high gains are essential to fuel cells and DC buses in the powertrains of FCVs, helping to improve the low voltage of fuel cells and “soft” output characteristics. To build DC-DC converters with the desired performance, their topologies have been widely investigated and optimized. Aiming to obtain the optimal design of wide input range and high-gain DC-DC boost converter topologies for FCVs, a review of the research status of DC-DC boost converters based on an impedance network is presented. Additionally, an evaluation system for DC-DC topologies for FCVs is constructed, providing a reference for designing wide input range and high-gain boost converters. The evaluation system uses eight indexes to comprehensively evaluate the performance of DC-DC boost converters for FCVs. On this basis, issues about DC-DC converters for FCVs are discussed, and future research directions are proposed. The main future research directions of DC-DC converter for FCVs include utilizing a DC-DC converter to realize online monitoring of the water content in FCs and designing buck-boost DC-DC converters suitable for high-power commercial FCVs.
Highlights
Fuel cell vehicles’ (FCVs) only by-product is water, truly achieving zero emissions
On the basis of the classification of topologies based on impedance network, as shown in Fig. 3, this study reviews existing literature from recent years, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology to elucidate its applicability in the FCV powertrain, and provides the basis for designing DC-DC boost converters for FCVs
Existing evaluation indexes for DC-DC boost converters mainly consider the performance of DC-DC converters, while the proposed evaluation indexes take the requirements of connection with fuel cell (FC) into consideration
Summary
Fuel cell vehicles’ (FCVs) only by-product is water, truly achieving zero emissions. In recent years, FCVs have developed rapidly in the field of new energy vehicles [1, 2]. To extend the lives of FCs, DC-DC boost converters require low input current ripples (ICRs). Considering the V-A curve of FC, DC-DC boost converters require wide input voltage ranges (IVRs) to meet the current variations in FCs caused by different road conditions. Owing to the "soft" output voltage characteristics of FCs and the varying road conditions, DC-DC converters need to maintain a constant bus voltage and achieve dynamic regulation of output power. (2) Based on this classification, the DC-DC topologies proposed in existing literature are reviewed, and the applicability of each DC-DC converter in the powertrain of FCVs is discussed. 3, the evaluation system of DC-DC boost converters for FCV is constructed, the comparison and evaluation of typical DC-DC boost converters are performed, Review of DC‐DC Converter Topologies Based on Impedance Network with Wide Input Voltage Range.
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