Abstract
Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems are the major energy-consuming devices in buildings. Nowadays, due to the high demand for HVAC system installation in buildings, designing an effective controller in order to decrease the energy consumption of the devices while meeting the thermal comfort demands in buildings are the most important goals of control designers. The purpose of this article is to investigate the different control methods for Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (HVAC & R) systems. The advantages and disadvantages of each control method are discussed and finally the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) method is introduced as a new strategy for HVAC systems. The FCM method is an intelligent and advanced control technique to address the nonlinearity, Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO), complexity and coupling effect features of the systems. The significance of this method and improvements by this method are compared with other methods.
Highlights
In recent decades, building occupants’ demands for thermal comfort are increasing and the number of HVAC systems has increased correspondingly
Systems provided in thenonlinear following control sections.approaches systems aretechniques time varying systems, complex andisnonlinear, the reported, in the case of systems the control law in [6], give different solutions than nonlinear models and slow time varying parameters and uncertainty nonlinear controller design could be derived by using the adaptive control techniques, Lyapunov’s but the nonlinear control methods could be applied for restricted regions [15]
The comparison of the results shows that the controller with more IF- rules is more responsive for changing the outside conditions
Summary
In recent decades, building occupants’ demands for thermal comfort are increasing and the number of HVAC systems has increased correspondingly. The HVAC system and the air conditioning system are nonlinear, and complex and in reality are MIMO devices with coupled parameters [2]. The features of the HVAC systems are MIMO, time-varying, nonlinear, complex models and coupling effects between parameters [3,4,5]. The previous MIMO controllers [2] are based on the system’s linearized models in the neighborhood of the system’s operating point This means, the system is designed to work around the designed specific operating point and is stable around this designed operating point of the system. The aim of this review is investigation of the different control methods applied to HVAC systems.
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