Abstract
Precision irrigation, defined as accurate and appropriate agricultural techniques characterized by optimal management and best collaboration of various irrigation factors, attracts great attention and obtains wide employments in different irrigation conditions or cultivation processes. Moreover, it becomes well-established in major areas of agricultural researches and across the broad spectrum of agricultural techniques especially in specific sectors of scientific frontiers, including soil quality, irrigation scheduling, water resource distribution, crop productivity, tillage management, climate adaptation, and environment monitoring, etc. This paper reviews the research developments and integrated applications of precision irrigation in typical domains of mechanism and performance, covering key aspects such as process optimization, schedule modelling, and effectiveness evaluation, indicating that advanced irrigation optimization methods support higher productivity of crop field and better environmental conditions of soil; Current schedule modelling techniques provide a set of instructive demonstrations and heuristic descriptions for the working principles of precision irrigation and the quantitative assessments of irrigation productivity; The novel investigation on effectiveness evaluation is extremely significant to obtain higher infiltration efficiency, simultaneously to achieve the optimized irrigation qualities for water balance condition, soil water redistribution, and soil moisture uniformity so that the effectiveness quality of irrigation infiltration could be improved remarkably. It is concluded that precision irrigation owns an outstanding collaborating capability and possesses much better working advancement in typical calibration indexes of cultivation accuracy and infiltration efficiency, meanwhile, a high agreement between the predicted and actual irrigation effectiveness could be expected. This novel irrigation review concentrating on the conceptual and systematic progress should be promoted constructively to improve the quality uniformity for precision irrigation and its constructive influences in different applications, and to facilitate the integrated management of agricultural production by higher irrigation efficiency consequently. Keywords: precision irrigation, process optimization, schedule modelling, effectiveness evaluation, conceptual and systematic progress DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20211404.5463 Citation: Liang Z W, Liu X C, Xiao J R, Liu C H. Review of conceptual and systematic progress of precision irrigation. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(4): 20–31.
Highlights
As agriculture spends most of the water resources in the world, water scarcity and soil quality have become major constraints to human development and water balance condition in the past 20 years, precision irrigation has been investigated and emphasized due to the remarkable population increment, extreme environmental condition, and excessive water demands[1,2]
In order to demonstrate the conceptual and systematic progress of precision irrigation techniques, here this paper proposes a constructive overview concerning its process optimization in Section 2; the representative schedule modelling practices of precision irrigation are enumerated by Section 3; Section 4 discusses the effectiveness evaluation of precision irrigation in details, its complex influence mechanism in actual performances could be highlighted; Based on these subsections, Section 5 presents the future research trends of precision irrigation; and Section 6 concludes this paper eventually
Concerning appropriate schedule modelling of precision irrigation, there exist traditional researches paid their main attentions on scheduling the crop yield per unit area, by distributing applicable water resource to specific ranged fields according to their corresponding irrigation requirements in soil/water content, vapor pressure deficit, and groundwater quality for irrigation use
Summary
Introduce precision irrigation techniques to ensure the sustainable usage of water/soil resource and feed the enormous population all around the world[4]. As a unique irrigation operation, it involves the optimal management and best coordination of all participant factors of the agricultural irrigation process This technique could be applicable to all operational irrigation methods such as precise drip irrigation, subsurface deficit irrigation, and adaptively alternate irrigation, at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. The functional classification of precision irrigation systems is a fundamental initial step to serve as a basis for its conceptual and systematic review, contributing to the sustainability and stability of irrigated agriculture demanding high-efficient management of environmental resources under existing environmental constraints[12]. In order to demonstrate the conceptual and systematic progress of precision irrigation techniques, here this paper proposes a constructive overview concerning its process optimization in Section 2; the representative schedule modelling practices of precision irrigation are enumerated by Section 3; Section 4 discusses the effectiveness evaluation of precision irrigation in details, its complex influence mechanism in actual performances could be highlighted; Based on these subsections, Section 5 presents the future research trends of precision irrigation; and Section 6 concludes this paper eventually
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