Abstract
The chloride ion (Cl−) is a type of anion which is commonly found in the environment and has important physiological functions and industrial uses. However, a high content of Cl− in water will do harm to the ecological environment, human health and industrial production. It is of great significance to strictly monitor the Cl− content in water. Following the recent development of society and industry, large amounts of domestic sewage and industrial sewage are discharged into the environment, which results in the water becoming seriously polluted by Cl−. The detection of Cl− has gradually become a research focus. This paper introduces the harm of Cl− pollution in the environment and summarizes various Cl− detection methods, including the volumetric method, spectrophotometry method, electrochemical method, ion chromatography, paper-based microfluidic technology, fluorescent molecular probe, and flow injection. The principle and application of each technology are described; their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability are discussed. To goal of this research is to find a more simple, rapid, environmental protection and strong anti-interference detection technology of Cl−.
Highlights
The chloride ion (Cl− ) is a type of anion which is commonly found in the environment and has important physiological functions and industrial uses
The Cl− content in seawater can be as high as 19,000 mg/L, while the Cl− content in general surface water and ground water is less than 50 mg/L
If ion chromatography is combined with combustion, steam distillation, ultrasonic, and other suitable pretreatment processes, it can be applied to the detection of Cl− in water quality, blood, soil, cosmetics, iron ore, and other fields [67,68]
Summary
Traditional Cl− analysis methods include the volumetric method, the electrochemical method, the photometric method, and chromatography. Different Cl− detection methods have different applications, scopes and detection accuracies.
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