Abstract
Novel manufacturing processes for ceramics which rely on extensional strains that can be sustained by a crowded suspension include fibre spinning, foam manufacture, vacuum forming, blow moulding and film blowing. In the selection of powders, powder volume fractions and organic vehicles for these processes, elongational flow measurements are preferred because shear flow tests frequently do not predict elongational flow behaviour. The main techniques that have been used for uniaxial and biaxial characterisation of polymers and filled polymers and which are capable of being applied to ceramic systems are reviewed. Melt strength provides a limitation on extension and the various criteria for melt fracture are discussed.
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