Abstract
Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a facile method to produce phosphor particulate films for solid-state lighting applications. EPD has produced films in the conformal (deposited directly on the LED) or remote configurations (deposited on a substrate above the LED). Films of different blended phosphor compositions have been deposited to produce white emission, either by excitation with blue-emitting or near UV-emitting LEDs. Layered films of sequentially deposited phosphors have also been shown to produce white light. The key results from both experiments and theory are described and summarized, which show the utility of EPD as a phosphor particle coating method.
Highlights
Experimental considerations.— Electrophoresis refers to the movement of charged particles in a suspension and the deposition process is the formation of a layer of the particles on a substrate
Three baths were prepared from one gram of each powder, which was added to 100 ml of ethanol with phosphate ester and polyethylenimine as dispersants and polyvinyl butyral as the binder
electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was performed with gentle stirring of the bath by a small magnetic stirrer placed in the bottom of the bath under the same deposition conditions
Summary
ADepartment of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA bMaterials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA cDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. Because the phosphor particles emit light in all directions, a large portion directly impinges on the LED chip where it can be re-absorbed (Figures 1a, 1c). This issue is critical in the conformal phosphor configuration due to the close proximity of the phosphor and the LED chip. If the phosphor is placed at a sufficiently large distance from the LED chip (remote phosphor configuration) the probability of light rays emanating from the phosphor and directly hitting the low reflectivity LED chip is small, improving the light extraction efficiency. This review discusses recent developments in EPD in the solid-state lighting industry
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