Review Article: Androgen Hormone and Male Infertility

Abstract

Infertility, the inability to conceive after 1 year of unprotected intercourse. There are controversial studies about the factors that affect male fertility, the more prominent risky lifestyle influences such as cigarette smoke and consuming alcohol, the present research examined the possible implications of these observations behaviors about sperm genesis, human reproductive hormone, and oxidative profile of blood plasma. Male infertility is a reproductive health condition that arises worldwide as a severe medical and social challenge that affects the affected couples' heavy trauma, mental distress, and psychological stress. Males are confirmed to be the primary causative factor in 50% of the diagnosed cases of infertility. Male infertility may be measured by sperm cell content and quantities, as well as by structure. A description of a wide variety of factors responsible for male infertility is given in the current study. The primary causes are hormonal imbalances, developmental anomalies, physiological & morphological genital disorders, sensitivity to contaminants & pollutants, reactive oxygen species, and smoking. Besides, noise, changing habits, lack of adequate nutrition and diet, addictions, infections, drugs, diseases, and psychiatric issues can often lead to infertility problems that may impact the male reproductive system temporarily or permanently.