Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is associated with adverse health outcomes and is found in many canned foods. It is not understood if some BPA contamination can be washed away by rinsing. The objective of this single-blinded crossover experiment was to determine whether BPA exposure, as measured by urinary concentrations, could be decreased by rinsing canned beans prior to consumption. Three types of hummus were prepared from dried beans, rinsed, and unrinsed canned beans. Fourteen healthy participants ate two samples of each hummus over six experimental days and collected spot urine specimens for BPA measurement. The geometric mean BPA levels for dried beans BPA (GM = 0.97 ng/ml, 95%CI = 0.74,1.26) was significantly lower than rinsed (GM = 1.89 ng/ml, 1.37,2.59) and unrinsed (GM = 2.46 ng/ml, 1.44,4.19). Difference-in-difference estimates showed an increase in GM BPA from pre- to post-hummus between unrinsed and rinsed canned beans of 1.39 ng/ml, p-value = 0.0400. Rinsing canned beans was an effective method to reduce BPA exposure.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (BPA)—a common chemical used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins frequently used to store food and water—is a known endocrine disruptor
Urinary BPA concentration were over 1,000% higher during the canned soup ingestion week compared to the same individual’s fresh soup consumption week, demonstrating the impact of transient BPA exposures to commercially available foods on concentrations measured in human subjects (Carwile et al, 2011)
In statistical analysis, clustered generalized estimating equations (GEE) with gamma distribution and log link were used to account for three types of hummus with both pre- and post-exposure BPA measurements and multiple measurements per person
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA)—a common chemical used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins frequently used to store food and water (e.g., water bottles, dental sealants, canned foods, bottle caps)—is a known endocrine disruptor. BPA exposure has been associated with impaired reproductive health outcomes including immune dysfunction (Clayton et al, 2011), fertilization implantation failure (Ehrlich et al, 2012), male sexual dysfunction, and altered hormone levels and reduced sperm quality in males (Meeker et al, 2011). Other health outcomes such as hormone-associated cancers Urinary BPA concentration were over 1,000% higher during the canned soup ingestion week compared to the same individual’s fresh soup consumption week, demonstrating the impact of transient BPA exposures to commercially available foods on concentrations measured in human subjects (Carwile et al, 2011)
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