Abstract

American ethnologist Henry Rowe Schoolcraft continues his struggle to understand Dighton Rock and place it in his understanding of American prehistory. He visits the rock in 1849 and declares its markings to be a mix of Icelandic and Indigenous. He then reverses himself and says it is purely Indigenous, based on the reading provided him by the Ojibwa leader Shingwauk. Schoolcraft’s investigations are situated within the rise of the American Ethnological Society and his leading role in the New-York Historical Society, the growing controversy over polygenism and monogenism within his intellectual circle, his friendship and falling out with Ephraim Squier, and Schoolcraft’s conviction that an archaeological fake, the Grave Creek stone, is genuine.

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