Abstract
Fungal infections have increased tremendously in the past few decades [1] contributing to morbidity and mortality. The genus Candida which includes around 200 human pathogenic species [2] is basically a commensal that causes both superficial and systemic infections [3] mainly in immuno compromised hosts like AIDS and cancer patients. Candida albicans, the fourth most common cause of hospital acquired infections, can manifest as a pathogen with the help of germ tube induction and biofilm formation [4]. It is the predominant cause of virtually all types of Candidiasis but other emerging Candida species like C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. Tropicalis and C. parapsilosis are also serious nosocomial threats [5,6]. The conventional drugs available to treat fungal infections are toxic having undesirable side effects and are limited in number largely due to the eukaryotic nature of fungal cells. Till date, it is still difficult to identify unique antifungal targets not shared with human hosts.
Highlights
Fungal infections have increased tremendously in the past few decades [1] contributing to morbidity and mortality
The fourth most common cause of hospital acquired infections, can manifest as a pathogen with the help of germ tube induction and biofilm formation [4]. It is the predominant cause of virtually all types of Candidiasis but other emerging Candida species like C. glabrata, C. krusei, C
Two main classes of drug efflux pumps are responsible for development of antifungal resistance – the ABC superfamily that uses energy of ATP hydrolysis to drive the efflux of drugs and the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) that utilizes the electrochemical gradient of protons across the plasma membrane to efflux substrates [10]
Summary
Fungal infections have increased tremendously in the past few decades [1] contributing to morbidity and mortality. Reversing Antifungal Drug Resistance using Natural Plant Products Nikhat Manzoor1,2* 1College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munnawara, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2Department of Biosciences, Medical Mycology Lab, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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