Reversible Covalent Patterning of Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold and Silicon Oxide Surfaces

Abstract

This paper describes the generation of reversible patterns of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold and silicon oxide surfaces via the formation of reversible covalent bonds. The reactions of (patterned) SAMs of 11-amino-1-undecanethiol (11-AUT) with propanal, pentanal, decanal, or terephthaldialdehyde result in dense imine monolayers. The regeneration of these imine monolayers to the 11-AUT monolayer is obtained by hydrolysis at pH 3. The (patterned) monolayers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle and electrochemical measurements, and atomic force microscopy. Imines can also be formed by microcontact printing of amines on terephthaldialdehyde-terminated substrates. Lucifer Yellow ethylenediamine was employed as a fluorescent amine-containing marker to visualize the reversible covalent patterning on a terephthaldialdehyde-terminated glass surface by confocal microscopy. These experiments demonstrate that with reversible covalent chemistry it is possible to print and erase chemical patterns on surfaces repeatedly.