Abstract
With decreasing size of integrated circuits in wearable electronic devices, the circuit is more susceptible to aging or fracture problem, subsequently decreasing the transmission efficiency of electricity. Micro-healing represents a good approach to solve this problem. Herein, we report a water vapor method to repair microfiber-based electrodes by precise positioning and rapid healing at their original fracture sites. To realize this micro-level conducting healing, we utilize a bimaterial composed of polymeric microfibers as healing agents and electrically conductive species on its surface. This composite electrode shows a high-performance conductivity, great transparency, and ultra-flexibility. The transmittance of our electrode could reach up to 88 and 90% with a sheet resistance of 1 and 2.8 Ω sq−1, respectively, which might be the best performance among Au-based materials as we know. Moreover, after tensile failure, water vapor is introduced to mediate heat transfer for the healing process, and within seconds the network electrode could be healed along with recovering of its resistance. The recovering process could be attributed to the combination of adhesion force and capillary force at this bimaterial interface. Finally, this functional network is fabricated as a wearable pressure/ strain sensing device. It shows excellent stretchability and mechanical durability upon 1000 cycles.
Highlights
Flexible conductive materials and transparent electrodes with high conductivity, stretchability, healability, and integrable characteristics are indispensable in generation wearable electronics.[1,2,3,4]
Miniaturization of integrated circuits became a new trend in wearable electronic devices
A single-layer, microfibrous, polycaprolactone (PCL) uniform network settled with a coiled fibrous frame is firstly fabricated by melt electrospinning writing (MEW)
Summary
Flexible conductive materials and transparent electrodes with high conductivity, stretchability, healability, and integrable characteristics are indispensable in generation wearable electronics.[1,2,3,4] Especially, conductive materials with healable characteristic could reduce the replacement and maintenance costs while improving the reliability and lifetime of the devices. For electronic devices, aging or mechanical damage of electrical components may ruin the entire circuit or cause an irreversible crush. Such failures could be completely avoided by healable conductive materials.[5,6,7,8] More recently, miniaturization of integrated circuits became a new trend in wearable electronic devices. Bioinspired electronic skin (e-skins) having comparable functionalities and mechanical properties as natural skin has been of great interest.[16]
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