Reverse vending machines vs. other ways of selective waste collection – research results

Abstract

Purpose: The paper presents outcomes of the qualitative research on the use of reverse vending machines (RVMs) as equipment to facilitate the segregation and disposal of beverage packaging in Poland, in comparison with other ways of selective waste collection. The topic of innovative tools to support waste management gains particular importance in the context of the introduction of the deposit system for packaging in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: Our qualitative research aimed at identifying consumer behaviour and preferences regarding the selective waste collection. Simultaneously we evaluated experiences with the RVMs and related incentive programs. The research technique was focus group interview, supported by perceptual mapping. 5 interviews were conducted with citizens of Malopolska & Silesia Provinces, in localities where recyclomats from the pilot program were installed. Findings: The results show positive attitudes towards the RVMs among participants of pilot testing of such devices. RVMs are perceived as easy-to-use and environmentally friendly. Compared to other methods of selective waste collection, the highest rated in terms of cost to the user and suitability for the user were the containers for segregated waste. When evaluating incentive systems, respondents accepted only financial benefits. It can be assumed that RVMs can support the newly introduced deposit system for beverage packaging in Poland. Research limitations: Most of the focus group participants had been familiar with RVMs from the pilot program, but the mobile app dedicated to the devices was inactive during the study. This affected the overall user experience. Practical implications: The outcomes suggest that the comprehensive waste collection and recycling system in Poland should be supported by RVMs, and that such devices should be popularized. Social implications: RVMs could play an important role in environmental education for children and young people. The dissemination of recyclomats by retail chains and local governments will increase their availability and influence the formation of pro-environmental behavior of other consumer groups. Originality/value: The originality of our study is based on identifying Polish individuals' views toward innovative waste management technologies and demonstrating their influence on sustainable consumption. Keywords: reverse vending machines, recyclomats, consumer behavior, selective waste collection, research, Poland. Category of the paper: research paper.