Abstract
The outage probability of reverse link multicarrier (MC) code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems with beamforming in the presence of carrier frequency offset (CFO) is studied. A conventional uniform linear array (ULA) beamformer is utilized. An independent Nakagami fading channel is assumed for each subcarrier of all users. The outage probability is first investigated under a scenario where perfect beamforming is assumed. A closed form expression of the outage probability is derived. The impact of different types of beamforming impairments on the outage probability is then evaluated, including direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation errors, angle spreads, and mutual couplings. Numerical results show that the outage probability improves significantly as the number of antenna elements increases. The effect of CFO on the outage probability is reduced significantly when the beam-forming technique is employed. Also, it is seen that small beamforming impairments (DOA estimation errors and angle spreads) only affect the outage probability very slightly, and the mutual coupling between adjacent antenna elements does not affect the outage probability noticeably.
Highlights
Future wireless communication systems demand high-datarate multimedia transmissions in diverse mobile environments
This paper differs from previous research mainly in two aspects: first, we develop signal and interference models to characterize the beamforming gain and carrier frequency offset (CFO) in MCCDMA systems; second, outage probabilities are derived for MC-Code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems with either perfect or imperfect beamforming in the presence of CFO
The numerical investigation of the outage probability for a reverse link MC-CDMA wireless cellular system with either ideal beamforming or imperfect beamforming in the presence of CFO is given
Summary
Future wireless communication systems demand high-datarate multimedia transmissions in diverse mobile environments. By dividing the full available bandwidth into a large number of small orthogonal narrow bands or subcarriers each having bandwidth much less than the channel coherent bandwidth, the transmission over each subcarrier will experience frequency nonselective fading It can be interpreted as CDMA with spreading taking place in the frequency domain rather than temporal domain, achieving enhanced frequency diversity. The reverse link of an MC-CDMA system with the beamforming technique in the presence of CFO is considered, and we concentrate the analysis on the outage probability performance. This paper differs from previous research mainly in two aspects: first, we develop signal and interference models to characterize the beamforming gain and CFO in MCCDMA systems; second, outage probabilities are derived for MC-CDMA systems with either perfect or imperfect beamforming in the presence of CFO.
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