Reverse cholesterol transport in hypercholesterolemic rats fed different proteins and lipids origins

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of different dietary protein and lipid origins on serum HDL2 and HDL3 compositions and lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity in growing rats fed a 0.5 per cent cholesterol‐enriched diet with either 20 per cent casein (C), chick pea (CP) or lentil (L) proteins combined to 10 per cent olive (O) or salmon (S) oil for 28 days.Design/methodology/approachHDL2 and HDL3 separation according to Sjöblom and Eklund and LCAT activity according to Glomset and Wright.FindingsSerum total cholesterol was 1.3‐fold lower in CPS than in CPO group. HDL3 amounts were 2‐ and 1.5‐fold higher in CPO and LO groups, respectively, compared to CO group. HDL3‐unesterified cholesterol values were, respectively, 2‐ and 5‐fold lower in CPO and LO groups than in CO group, and were threefold decreased in CPS and LS groups vs CS group. HDL3‐phospholipids in LO group represented 12 and 51 per cent of the CO and CPO group values, respectively. HDL2‐triacylglycerol amounts were decreased in LO group vs CO group (−67 per cent) and in CPS and LS groups (−62 per cent) compared to CS group. HDL3‐apolipoprotein A‐I values were lower in LO group vs CO and CPO groups, and in CPS group vs CS group. However, LCAT activity was similar in all the studied groups.Originality/valueThe paper shows that when diets containing casein, chick pea or lentil proteins combined with olive or salmon oil are supplemented with cholesterol, HDL2 and HDL3 compositions are impaired despite unchanged LCAT activity. Moreover, if oils modify HDL compositions, dietary proteins play a critical role in these modifications.