Abstract
Cloud-based services have been increasingly used to provide on-demand access to a large amount of computing requests, such as data, computing, resources, and so on, in which it is vitally important to correctly select and assign the right resources to a workload or application. This paper presents a novel online reverse auction scheme based on online algorithm for allocating the cloud computing services, which can help the cloud users and providers to build workflow applications in a cloud computing environment. The online reverse auction scheme consists of three parts: online algorithm design, competitive ratio calculation, and performance valuation. The online reverse auction-based algorithm is proposed for the cloud user agent to choose the final winners based on Vickrey–Clarke–Groves (VCG) mechanism and online algorithm (OA). The competitive analysis is applied to calculate the competitive ratio of the proposed algorithm compared with the offline algorithm. This analysis method is significant to measure the performance of proposed algorithm, without the assumption of the distribution of cloud providers’ bids. The results prove that the proposed online reverse auction-based algorithm is the appropriate mechanism because it allows the cloud user agent to make purchase decisions without knowing the future bids. The difference of auction rounds and transaction cost can impressively influence and improve the performance of the proposed reverse auction algorithm.
Highlights
Cloud computing, as a new computing paradigm, has rapidly emerged in recent years [1, 2], and it is able to solve the large-scale problems arising in industry, science, commerce, and engineering [3]
The highly dynamic, uncontrollable, and distributed features of grid environment cause the hindering of cloud providers to price the cloud computing services. us, how to better manage cloud resources becomes the important problem of cloud computing between the cloud providers and users
Auction-based method requires little global information and enables tradeoff more to be implemented with decentralized structure [9]. ere are a series of literature about auctionbased algorithm design in cloud resource markets from different aspects, achieving some new results [10,11,12]
Summary
As a new computing paradigm, has rapidly emerged in recent years [1, 2], and it is able to solve the large-scale problems arising in industry, science, commerce, and engineering [3]. The above auction-based algorithm designs are considered in offline situations where the final winners are announced after collecting all bids Both the cloud service providers and users often make decisions under incomplete information [22]. Is paper aims to design a novel online reverse auction-based algorithm to be carried out by the cloud user agent, which guides cloud resource allocation in the cloud computing service market. In the online reserve auction market for the cloud computing services, the cloud user agent has to consider a risk by assuming that bid sequences will increase to the highest price. The proposed online reverse auctionbased algorithm helps the cloud user agent reserve enough funds to ensure a competitive ratio of r, even though the bid sequences stay at a higher price. Even in this worst case, the competitive ratio is no more than r
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