Reversal of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine-caused growth inhibition in intact and excised etiolated hypocotyls of Sinapis alba L. by thymidine

Abstract

The elongation growth in etiolated, intact seedlings and excised hypocotyl segments of Sinapis alba is inhibited by FdUrd in the same fashion, and in either case there is a direct correlation between FdUrd concentration and inhibition of elongation growth. Removal of the roots reduced elongation; however, the percentage inhibition by FdUrd remained the same. Therefore, the growth inhibition by FdUrd is not a consequence of root growth inhibition.The growth inhibition in excised hypocotyls cultured on synthetic media is inversely proportional to the size of the segments, and of the seedlings from which they are taken. Elongation of the smaller segments is more sensitive to FdUrd than that of the larger ones. Anatomical observations showed that the inhibition of growth elongation by FdUrd in the hypocotyl segments is due to inhibition of cell elongation, and not of cell division. Root formation is inhibited in all isolated segments.The growth inhibition by FdUrd could be reversed by dThd but not by uridine, and this reversibility depended upon the FdUrd concentration. When FdUrd inhibition is partial (up to 10(-7)M) relatively high dThd concentration (up to 100 fold) are required for complete reversal; when inhibition is maximal relatively lower dThd concentrations effect a complete or near-complete reversal. Irreversible, unspecific effects of FdUrd were not found.These experiments confirm that DNA synthesis is involved in cell elongation of the hypocotyls even when the apical meristem and roots are removed, and that the growth inhibition by FdUrd is not a nonspecific, toxic effect.