Revelation on the potency of α1 -blockers – parallel blockade of angiotensin II receptor: A new finding

Abstract

Context: The problem of hypertension has gained enormous proportions in the past decade. Multifactorial etiology and complex pathophysiology of the disease has rendered the treatment of the disease a hard task. Sympathetic nervous system and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system are primary contributors of blood pressure homeostasis.Objective: Structural similarities were identified among AT1 and α1-antagonists, initiating a speculation that α1-antagonists could possibly block the AT1 receptor and vice-versa.Methods: To corroborate this speculation, we screened prototypical α1-antagonists such as prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin for antagonism of angiotensin II on rat aortic strips. We also examined the AT1 antagonists losartan, valsartan, and olmesartan for their possible antagonistic effect, on contractions of rat aortic strips induced by phenylephrine.Results: To our astonishment, we found that prazosin and its analogs which have been reported to have α1-antagonistic activity only, were able to shift concentration response curves of angiotensin II.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the potent antihypertensive effect of prazosin-type α1-antagonists is not purely due to α1-receptor blocking activity of these compounds but also due to blockade of AT1 receptors. This finding may lead to the development of more potent dual inhibitors which would prove to be of immense value in the control of the scourge of hypertension.