Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing.

Jong Pyo Chae,Heebal Kim,Dae‐Kyung Kang,Edward Alain B Pajarillo,Ju Kyoung Oh

doi:10.1111/1751-7915.12370

Jong Pyo Chae, Heebal Kim + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.12370

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Abstract

SummaryDemand for the development of non‐antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years. This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN). At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group. At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10‐fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group. At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group. Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination. These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.

Highlights

In the animal industry, much-improved farming systems and cost-effective techniques for the production of pathogen-free high-quality meat are important goals of current research (Lalles et al, 2007; Lee et al, 2012; Bomba et al, 2014)
Microbial diversity a-diversity measurements comparing the microbial communities of these groups revealed significant differences in piglets among the LAC, probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) and synbiotic combination (SYN) groups compared with the CON group (Fig. 1, Table S1)
Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology, Microbial Biotechnology, 9, 486–495 for both abundance coverage estimate (ACE) (1992) and Chao1 (1472) were highest in the LAC group (Table S1), indicating that the microbial communities in piglets that ingested the administered prebiotics exhibited increased numbers of unique species

Summary

Introduction

Much-improved farming systems and cost-effective techniques for the production of pathogen-free high-quality meat are important goals of current research (Lalles et al, 2007; Lee et al, 2012; Bomba et al, 2014). Several factors that affect intestinal microbiota in pigs have recently been investigated, including age (Kim et al, 2011), diet (Yan et al, 2013), weaning (Pajarillo et al, 2014a) and antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) (Unno et al, 2014). These studies have revealed important concepts in animal farming and management, as well as in the development of non-AGP.

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